Access profile

No bridging courses required:
Master's degree in Chemical Engineering, master's degree in Research on Chemical Process Engineering, master's degree in Industrial Engineering, specialisation in Chemistry.

With bridging courses:
Master's degree in Chemistry, master's degree in Biotechnology, master's degree in Food Engineering, other master's degrees in related fields.

Output profile

Doctoral candidates who complete a doctoral degree will have acquired the following competencies, which are needed to carry out quality research (Royal Decree 99/2011, of 28 January, which regulates official doctoral studies):

a) A systematic understanding of the field of study and a mastery of the research skills and methods related to the field.
b) An ability to conceive, design or create, put into practice and adopt a substantial process of research or creation.
c) An ability to contribute to pushing back the frontiers of knowledge through original research.
d) A capacity for critical analysis and an ability to assess and summarise new and complex ideas.
e) An ability to communicate with the academic and scientific community and with society in general as regards their fields of knowledge in the manner and languages that are typical of the international scientific community to which they belong.
f) An ability to foster scientific, technological, social, artistic and cultural progress in academic and professional contexts within a knowledge-based society.

The award of a doctoral degree must equip the graduate for work in a variety of settings, especially those requiring creativity and innovation. Doctoral graduates must have at least acquired the personal skills needed to:

a) Develop in contexts in which there is little specific information.
b) Find the key questions that must be answered to solve a complex problem.
c) Design, create, develop and undertake original, innovative projects in their field.
d) Work as part of a team and independently in an international or multidisciplinary context.
e) Integrate knowledge, deal with complexity and make judgements with limited information.
f) Offer criticism on and intellectually defend solutions.

Finally, with respect to competencies, doctoral students must:

a) have acquired advanced knowledge at the frontier of their discipline and demonstrated, in the context of internationally recognised scientific research, a deep, detailed and well-grounded understanding of theoretical and practical issues and scientific methodology in one or more research fields;
b) have made an original and significant contribution to scientific research in their field of expertise that has been recognised as such by the international scientific community;
c) have demonstrated that they are capable of designing a research project that serves as a framework for carrying out a critical analysis and assessment of imprecise situations, in which they are able to apply their contributions, expertise and working method to synthesise new and complex ideas that yield a deeper knowledge of the research context in which they work;
d) have developed sufficient autonomy to set up, manage and lead innovative research teams and projects and scientific collaborations (both national and international) within their subject area, in multidisciplinary contexts and, where appropriate, with a substantial element of knowledge transfer;
e) have demonstrated that they are able to carry out their research activity in a socially responsible manner and with scientific integrity;
f) have demonstrated, within their specific scientific context, that they are able to make cultural, social or technological advances and promote innovation in all areas within a knowledge-based society;
g) have demonstrated that they are able to participate in scientific discussions at the international level in their field of expertise and disseminate the results of their research activity to audiences of all kinds.

Students will gain experience in various fields of RDI related to chemical process engineering in a wide range of contexts.

This may include:

Experience in the field of food products: durability, traceability, optimisation, hygiene and food engineering. Design and construction of new equipment and facilities for food companies, etc.

• Ability to integrate and intensify processes, manage and recover waste and control pollution.

• Training in various fields related to risk and safety. Graduates will generally have received training in risk analysis in the process industry, environmental risk assessment, and fire events in forests and inside buildings.

• In the field of nanotechnology, they will have developed a range of skills, including the ability to design, develop, characterise and test new catalysts based on nano and microstructures (e.g. for the generation and purification of hydrogen) or the ability to develop photocatalysts and photocatalytic reactors to generate hydrogen from water and sunlight.

• They will be able to apply various separation technologies (e.g. to remove pollutants from water) or develop new sensors as analytical methods for monitoring physico-chemical parameters of interest in natural and industrial environments. They will be able to study and characterise waste from various sources to ensure appropriate treatment.

In any of the areas in which students complete theses, they are expected to develop the ability to conceive, design, implement and adapt a substantial process of research. The programme also aims to equip students to contribute to extending the frontiers of knowledge through original research. They will also be capable of critical analysis, evaluation and synthesis of new and complex ideas, and will develop the skills needed to present their ideas and the knowledge they have acquired in academic and professional contexts.

Number of places

10

Duration of studies and dedication regime

Duration
The maximum period of study for full-time doctoral studies is three years, counted from the date of admission to the programme to the date of submission of the doctoral thesis. The academic committee of the doctoral programme may authorise a doctoral candidate to pursue doctoral studies on a part-time basis. In this case, the maximum period of study is five years, counting from the date of admission to the programme to the date of submission of the doctoral thesis. For calculating these periods, the date of admission is considered to be the date of the first enrolment for tutorials, and the date of submission the moment in which the Doctoral School officially deposits the doctoral thesis.

For full-time doctoral candidates, the minimum period of study is two years, counted from the date of an applicant's admission to the programme until the date on which the doctoral thesis is deposited; for part-time doctoral candidates it is four years. When there are justified grounds for doing so, and the thesis supervisor and academic tutor have given their authorisation, doctoral candidates may request that the academic committee of their doctoral programme exempt them from the minimum period of study requirement.

The calculation of periods of study will not include periods of absence due to illness, pregnancy or any other reason provided for in the regulations in force. Students who find themselves in any of these circumstances must notify the academic committee of the doctoral programme, which, where appropriate, must inform the Doctoral School. Doctoral candidates may also temporarily withdraw from the programme for up to one year, and this period may be extended for an additional year. Doctoral candidates who wish to interrupt their studies must submit a justified request to the academic committee of the doctoral programme, which will decide whether or not to approve the request. Each programme will establish conditions for readmission to doctoral studies.

Extension
If full-time doctoral candidates have not applied to deposit their thesis by the end of the three-year period of study, the academic committee of the programme may authorise an extension of up to one year. In exceptional circumstances, a further one-year extension may be granted, subject to the conditions established by the corresponding doctoral programme. In the case of part-time doctoral candidates, an extension of two years may be authorised. In both cases, in exceptional circumstances a further one-year extension may be granted by the Doctoral School's Standing Committee, upon the submission of a reasoned application by the academic committee of the doctoral programme.

Dismissal from the doctoral programme
A doctoral candidate may be dismissed from a doctoral programme for the following reasons:

• The doctoral candidate submitting a justified application to withdraw from the programme.
• The maximum period of study and of extensions thereof ending.
• The doctoral candidate not having enrolled every academic year (unless he or she has been authorised to temporarily withdraw).
• The doctoral candidate failing two consecutive assessments.
• The doctoral candidate having disciplinary proceedings filed against him or her that rule that he or she must be dismissed from the UPC.

Dismissal from the programme implies that doctoral candidates cannot continue studying at the UPC and the closing of their academic record. This notwithstanding, they may apply to the academic committee of the programme for readmission and the committee must reevaluate them in accordance with the criteria established in the regulations.

Enrollment aid

The programme does not provide any specific grants to cover enrolment fees. In exceptional cases, research groups may offer one-off grants.

Organization

• Planas Cuchi, Eulalia

• Casas Pons, Ignasi
• Garcia Gomez, Sonia
• Graells Sobre, Moises
• Perez Campdepadros, Irene
• Planas Cuchi, Eulalia
• Sastre Requena, Ana Maria

• Department of Chemical Engineering (PROMOTORA)

Diagonal-Besòs Campus Management and Support Unit
Building A
Av. Eduard Maristany, 16
08019 Barcelona
(+34) 934 011 792
E-mail: doctorat.eebe@upc.edu

Agreements with other institutions

Agreements:

Collaborations:

The Department of Chemical Engineering has an extensive network of contacts with renowned universities and research centres abroad. Collaborations involve co-supervision, exchanges of academic staff and doctoral students, reciprocal participation on thesis examination committees, and execution of joint research projects. Institutions we collaborate with include:

Amirkabir University of Technology (Iran)
University of Bremen (Germany)
Brookhaven National Laboratory (USA)
Carnegie Mellon University (USA)
Catholic University of Leuven (Belgium)
Chalmers University of Technology (Sweden)
Cornell University (USA)
Cranfield University (UK)
Delft University of Technology (Netherlands)
École des Mines d’Alès (IMT Mines Alès, France)
ETH Zurich (Switzerland)
Imperial College (UK)
Institute for Research on Catalysis and the Environment of Lyon (France)
Institute of Chemical Technology – TU Bergakademie Freiberg (Germany)
JRC Karlsruhe (Germany)
Polytechnic University of Turin (Italy)
Poznań University of Technology (Poland)
Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education (Mexico)
National University of San Luis (Argentina)
University of Tarapacá (Chile)
National University of Litoral (Argentina)
NOVA University of Lisbon (UNL, Portugal)
University of Palermo (Italy)
University of Udine (Italy)
University of Calabria (Italy)
University of Bologna (Italy)
Sapienza University of Rome (Italy)
University of Barcelona (Spain)
Mohamed Boudiaf University of Science and Technology of Oran (USTOMB, Algeria)
Oran 1 University (Algeria)
University of Edinburgh (UK)
University of Helsinki (Finland)
University of Plymouth (UK)
University of Reading (UK)
Wageningen University & Research (Netherlands)

Access profile

No bridging courses required:
Master's degree in Chemical Engineering, master's degree in Research on Chemical Process Engineering, master's degree in Industrial Engineering, specialisation in Chemistry.

With bridging courses:
Master's degree in Chemistry, master's degree in Biotechnology, master's degree in Food Engineering, other master's degrees in related fields.

Access requirements

Applicants must hold a Spanish bachelor’s degree or equivalent and a Spanish master’s degree or equivalent, provided they have completed a minimum of 300 ECTS credits on the two degrees (Royal Decree 43/2015, of 2 February)

In addition, the following may apply:

• Holders of an official degree awarded by a university in Spain or any other country in the European Higher Education Area, pursuant to the provisions of Article 16 of Royal Decree 1393/2007, of 29 October, which establishes official university course regulations, who have completed a minimum of 300 ECTS credits on official university degrees, of which at least 60 must be at the master's degree level.
• Holders of an official Spanish bachelor’s degree comprising at least 300 credits, as provided for by EU regulations. Holder of degrees of this kind must complete bridging courses unless the curriculum of the bachelor’s degree in question included research training credits equivalent in value to those which would be earned on a master's degree.
• Holders of an official university qualification who, having passed the entrance examination for specialised medical training, have completed at least two years of a training course leading to an official degree in a health-sciences specialisation.
• Holders of a degree issued under a foreign education system. In these cases, homologation is not required, but the UPC must verify that the degree certifies a level of training equivalent to an official Spanish master's degree and qualifies the holder for admission to doctoral studies in the country where it was issued. Admission on this basis does not imply homologation of the foreign degree or its recognition for any purpose other than admission to doctoral studies.
• Holders of a Spanish doctoral qualification issued under previous university regulations.

Note 1: Doctoral studies entrance regulations for holders of an undergraduate degree awarded before the introduction of the EHEA (CG 47/02 2014)

Note 2: Governing Council Decision 64/2014, which approves the procedure and criteria for assessing the fulfilment of academic admission requirements for doctoral studies by holders of non-homologated foreign degrees (CG 25/03 2014)

Admission criteria and merits assessment

Weighting
1. Applicant’s curriculum vitae: Type of training and marks awarded, as well as research and professional experience (70%).
2. Personal contact through online or face-to-face interviews (15%).
3. English language skills (15%)


Admissions body
The programme has an academic committee that assesses student applications. Each month, the committee reviews applications submitted through the pre-enrolment application.

The doctoral programme has a specific form for doctoral students to indicate their scientific and technical interests. Based on this information, and taking into account the needs and capacity of research groups, the academic committee channels the applications accepted so that tutors and thesis supervisors can be assigned.

If the academic committee deems that additional training is required for an applicant to be admitted, it determines what bridging courses the student will be required to take to ensure that they have the necessary skills, knowledge and abilities (up to a maximum of 60 ECTS credits).

Training complements

Compulsory master’s degree subjects
• Biotech Processes and Polymer Industry (6 ECTS credits)
• Chemical and Catalytic Reaction Engineering (6)• Chainability and Circular Economy (6)
• Polymer Physics (6)
• Waste Resource Technologies (6)
• Nanotechnology (6)
• Risk and Safety in the Chemical Industry (6)

Subjects of the Green Chemical Process Engineering (GCPE) specialisation
• Membrane Processes and Technologies (6)
• Industrial Water Technologies (6)
• Process Integration (6)
• Advanced Catalytic Reactors (6)
• Computational Fluid Dynamics (6)
• Circular Process Engineering (6)

Enrolment period for new doctoral students

The ordinary enrolment period starts in September and ends on 15 October of each academic year, though the enrolment date will depend on the admission decision.

More information at the registration section for new doctoral students

Enrolment period

The enrolment period will be from 15 September to 15 October of each academic year.

More information at the general registration section

Procedure for the preparation and defense of the research plan

Doctoral candidates must submit a research plan, which will be included in their doctoral student activity report, before the end of the first year. The plan may be improved over the course of the doctoral degree. It must be endorsed by the tutor and the supervisor, and it must include the method that is to be followed and the aims of the research.

At least one of these annual assessments will include a public presentation and defence of the research plan and work done before a committee composed of three doctoral degree holders, which will be conducted in the manner determined by each academic committee. The examination committee awards a Pass or Fail mark. A Pass mark is a prerequisite for continuing on the doctoral programme. Doctoral candidates awarded a Fail mark must submit a new research plan for assessment by the academic committee of the doctoral programme within six months.

The committee assesses the research plan every year, in addition to all of the other activities in the doctoral student activity report. Doctoral candidates who are awarded two consecutive Fail marks for the research plan will be obliged to definitely withdraw from the programme.

If they change the subject of their thesis, they must submit a new research plan.

Formation activities

Activity: Preparation and initial defence of research plan.
Hours: 4.
Type: compulsory.

Procedure for assignment of tutor and thesis director

The academic committee of the doctoral programme assigns a thesis supervisor to each doctoral candidate when they are admitted or enrol for the first time, taking account of the thesis supervision commitment referred to in the admission decision.

The thesis supervisor will ensure that training activities carried out by the doctoral candidate are coherent and suitable, and that the topic of the candidate’s doctoral thesis will have an impact and make a novel contribution to knowledge in the relevant field. The thesis supervisor will also guide the doctoral candidate in planning the thesis and, if necessary, tailoring it to any other projects or activities undertaken. The thesis supervisor will generally be a UPC professor or researcher who holds a doctoral degree and has documented research experience. This includes PhD-holding staff at associated schools (as determined by the Governing Council) and UPC-affiliated research institutes (in accordance with corresponding collaboration and affiliation agreements). When thesis supervisors are UPC staff members, they also act as the doctoral candidate’s tutor.

PhD holders who do not meet these criteria (as a result of their contractual relationship or the nature of the institution to which they are attached) must be approved by the UPC Doctoral School's Standing Committee in order to participate in a doctoral programme as researchers with documented research experience.

The academic committee of the doctoral programme may approve the appointment of a PhD-holding expert who is not a UPC staff member as a candidate’s thesis supervisor. In such cases, the prior authorisation of the UPC Doctoral School's Standing Committee is required. A UPC staff member who holds a doctoral degree and has documented research experience must also be proposed to act as a co-supervisor, or as the doctoral candidate’s tutor if one has not been assigned.

A thesis supervisor may step down from this role if there are justified reasons (recognised as valid by the committee) for doing so. If this occurs, the academic committee of the doctoral programme will assign the doctoral candidate a new thesis supervisor.

Provided there are justified reasons for doing so, and after hearing any relevant input from the doctoral candidate, the academic committee of the doctoral programme may assign a new thesis supervisor at any time during the period of doctoral study.

If there are academic reasons for doing so (an interdisciplinary topic, joint or international programmes, etc.) and the academic committee of the programme gives its approval, an additional thesis supervisor may be assigned. Supervisors and co-supervisors have the same responsibilities and academic recognition.

The maximum number of supervisors of a doctoral thesis is two: a supervisor and a co-supervisor.

For theses carried out under a cotutelle agreement or as part of an Industrial Doctorate, if necessary and if the agreement foresees it this maximum number of supervisors may not apply. This notwithstanding, the maximum number of supervisors belonging to the UPC is two.

More information at the PhD theses section

Permanence

The academic committee of the programme may authorise an extension of up to one year for full-time doctoral candidates who have not applied to deposit their thesis by the end of the three-year period of study, in the terms outlined in the Academic Regulations for Doctoral Studies of the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. In the case of part-time candidates, an extension of two years may be authorised. In both cases, in exceptional circumstances a further one-year extension may be granted by the Doctoral School's Standing Committee, upon the submission of a reasoned application by the academic committee of the doctoral programme.

A doctoral candidate may be dismissed from a doctoral programme for the following reasons:

• The doctoral candidate submitting a justified application to withdraw from the programme.
• The maximum period of study and of extensions thereof ending.
• The doctoral candidate not having enrolled every academic year (unless he or she has been authorised to temporarily withdraw).
• The doctoral candidate failing two consecutive assessments.
• The doctoral candidate having disciplinary proceedings filed against him or her that rule that he or she must be dismissed from the UPC.

Dismissal from the programme implies that doctoral candidates cannot continue studying at the UPC and the closing of their academic record. This notwithstanding, they may apply to the academic committee of the programme for readmission and the committee must reevaluate them in accordance with the criteria established in the regulations.

International Mention

The doctoral degree certificate may include International Doctorate mention. In this case, the doctoral candidate must meet the following requirements:

a) During the period of study leading to the award of the doctoral degree, the doctoral candidate must have spent at least three months at a respected higher education institution or research centre outside Spain to complete courses or do research work. The stays and activities carried out must be endorsed by the thesis supervisor and authorised by the academic committee of the programme. The candidate must provide a certifying document issued by the person responsible for the research group of the body or bodies where the stay or activity was completed. This information will be added to the doctoral student’s activity report.
b) Part of the thesis (at least the summary and conclusions) must be written and presented in one of the languages commonly used for science communication in the relevant field of knowledge, which must not be an official language of Spain. This rule does not apply to stays and reports in Spanish or to experts from Spanish-speaking countries.
c) At least two PhD-holding experts belonging to a higher education institution or research centre outside Spain must have issued officially certified reports on the thesis.
d) The thesis examination committee must have included at least one PhD-holding expert from a higher education or research institution outside Spain who was not responsible for the candidate’s stay abroad (point a) above).
e) The thesis defence must have taken place on UPC premises or, in the case of joint programmes, at the location specified in the collaboration agreement.

List of authorized thesis for defense

• GARCIA DE ANDRÉS, XÈNIA: In situ studies of catalytic processes by Near Ambient X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
  
  Author: GARCIA DE ANDRÉS, XÈNIA
  Thesis file: (contact the Doctoral School to confirm you have a valid doctoral degree and to get the link to the thesis)
  Programme: DOCTORAL DEGREE IN CHEMICAL PROCESS ENGINEERING
  Department: Department of Chemical Engineering (EQ)
  Mode: Normal
  Deposit date: 18/07/2022
  Reading date: 25/10/2022
  Reading time: 12:00
  Reading place: Sala Polivalent, Edifici I, planta baixa, Campus Diagonal-Besos (EEBE).
  Thesis director: LLORCA PIQUE, JORDI | ESCUDERO RODRÍGUEZ, CARLOS
  Committee:
       PRESIDENT: BUENO LÓPEZ, AGUSTÍN
       SECRETARI: JIMÉNEZ DIVINS, NÚRIA
       VOCAL: FRAXEDAS CALDUCH, JORDI
  Thesis abstract: Labels misplacement in the bottles are currently causing problems in wine cellar's labelling lines. According to data provided by Codorníu and Torres cellars, 1 % of the bottles present this issue. Once the wine or cava have been bottled, the bottles pass through the labeling station and the scanner separates the correctly labeled bottles from those with imperfections. When a considerable number of bottles are involved, the wine is emptied and rebottled, while the labeled bottle is discarded. However, if few bottles are mislabeled, a worker manually removes the labels with a scraper and retums the bottles to the labeling line. Of course, this is a problem.In this thesis, a system has been developed consisting of a pressure-sensitive adhesive anda detaching station that allows the adhesive to be deactivated for easy removal of misplaced labels. The adhesive had to meet the current market requirements and to be easily peeled off easily in the detaching station to leave the bottle completely clean to it can be relabelled without being taken out of the labelling lines.As bottles are full when they pass through the detaching station, a technology that could quickly remove the labels from the bottles at 25ºC was required to avoid affecting the quality of the product. lt was designed to include a cleaning solution bath, a thermostatic, and a mechanical agitator. Several chemical components with different weight ratios were tested for the cleaning solution formulation to determine the most effective solution.The design of the adhesive was sub-divided into 5 parts. First, the influence of the soft monomers: n-butyl acrylate and 2- ethylhexyl acrylate influence was studied via semi-batch emulsion polymerization taking as a starting point a formulation recipe composed of n-butyl acrylate and acrylic acid. In the second part, the influence of including a hard monomer, such as acrylonitrile, was studied.In both studies it was observed that the adhesives showed poor water resistance. For it, in the third part, different polymerizable surfactants were studied as stabilizer of the emulsion and were compared with the conventional surfactant used in the base formulation. The use a polymerizable surfactant clear1y increased the water resistance of the adhesives. Although the incorporation of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate showed better adhesive performance, the acrylonitrile showed better results in the detaching bath. For it, it was decided to continue the experiments introducing in the formulation the weight ratio of acrylonitrile that showed the best balance between the adhesive properties and its performance in the detaching bath and the polymerizable surfactant that showed the highest water resistance.In the fourth part, the optimization of the adhesive properties balance was carried out by the study of the influence of acrylic acid as functional monomer and the tert-dodecyl mercaptan as chain transfer agent. Clearly, the acrylic acid improved all adhesive properties. However, the maximum amount of acrylic acid testad only improved the shear resistance since with the gel content increase, the peel resistance and tack properties deceased. On the other hand, the chain transfer agent only improved the peel resistance and tack. Therefore, it was not possible to achieve a good performance among the three adhesive properties.Finally, the influence of adhesiva preparation process was investigated. In this case an improvement in the balance of adhesive properties was observed.Several of the pressure-sensitive adhesives carne close to current market requirements, as well as showing excellent results in the detaching station.
  

Last update: 24/09/2022 04:45:16.

List of lodged theses

Last update: 24/09/2022 04:30:26.

List of defended theses by year

• ECHEVARRÍA DÍEZ-CANEDO, CARLOS: Integration of advanced wastewater treatment and reclamation technologies for organic micropollutants removal and promote water reuse
  
  Author: ECHEVARRÍA DÍEZ-CANEDO, CARLOS
  Thesis file: (contact the Doctoral School to confirm you have a valid doctoral degree and to get the link to the thesis)
  Programme: DOCTORAL DEGREE IN CHEMICAL PROCESS ENGINEERING
  Department: Department of Chemical Engineering (EQ)
  Mode: Article-based thesis
  Reading date: 14/07/2022
  Thesis director: CORTINA PALLAS, JOSE LUIS | VALDERRAMA ANGEL, CESAR ALBERTO
  

  Committee:
       PRESIDENT: SASTRE REQUENA, ANA MARIA
       SECRETARI: IBAÑEZ MENDIZABAL, RAQUEL
       VOCAL: TEIXIDO PLANES, MARC
  Thesis abstract: Climate change and overpopulation are responsible for more frequent droughts, and the imbalance in the water resources management leads to a greater competition in the exploitation of freshwater sources. The introduction of alternative water resources such as reclaimed water seems to be one of the most sustainable option from an economic and environmental point of view, compared with other alternatives such as seawater desalination or water transfer. Nevertheless, the wide implementation of water reuse is still far from its whole potential and faces different local barriers related to public awareness and governance.The presence of organic micropollutants (OMP) in the water cycle, specifically in the wastewater effluents intended to be reclaimed and reused, has generated concern in public authorities due to their uncertain effects in human health. During last decades, limited removal efficiencies in conventional wastewater and reclamation schemes were reported by several authors. In this line, innovation must bring suitable solutions to unblock current barriers. Novel advanced water reclamation technologies need to be demonstrated to guarantee the cost-effective removal of OMP, as well as provide solutions in terms of brine management or valorization. Moreover, it is necessary to propose educational and communication initiatives and address innovative governance models to achieve the economic feasibility of water reuse projects. Throughout three published articles (Chapter 3-5), this PhD thesis evaluates and compares from a technical and economic point of view different advanced municipal wastewater reclamation schemes to produce cost-effective reclaimed water to be reused. An industrial pilot-scale demonstration conducted in El Baix Llobregat WRP (Barcelona, Spain), removal efficiencies and costs of different advanced reclamation technologies focused on the removal of OMP were assessed, including PAC-MBR, ozonation-UV, PAC-UF, UF-RO and an innovative high-performance sorbent (CNM). On the other hand, tools to ease decision making in water reuse planning through a rapid estimation in costs need to be proposed. Cost curves for CAPEX and OPEX for different reclamation technologies will be also calculated and applied to estimate implementation costs of reusing urban reclaimed water for industrial uses in three different case studies in the Barcelona (Spain) area.The ultimate goal is to provide knowledge to overcome some of the identified barriers and contribute to a higher implementation of water reuse.
  

• MONTENEGRO LANDIVAR, MARIA FERNANDA: Recovery of polyphenols by extraction and purification technologies from orange and spinach processing residues
  
  Author: MONTENEGRO LANDIVAR, MARIA FERNANDA
  Thesis file: (contact the Doctoral School to confirm you have a valid doctoral degree and to get the link to the thesis)
  Programme: DOCTORAL DEGREE IN CHEMICAL PROCESS ENGINEERING
  Department: Department of Chemical Engineering (EQ)
  Mode: Article-based thesis
  Reading date: 21/09/2022
  Thesis director: VALDERRAMA ANGEL, CESAR ALBERTO | SAURINA PURROY, XAVIER | VECINO BELLO, XANEL
  

  Committee:
       PRESIDENT: DE PABLO RIBAS, JOAN
       SECRETARI: MARGUI GRABULOSA, EVA
       VOCAL: BARBOSA PEREIRA, LETRICIA
  Thesis abstract: The residues resulting from orange and spinach processing, composed mainly by peels and seeds; and leaves, respectively, contain relevant amounts of polyphenols, so they can be used as raw material for recovery natural antioxidants. The recovery of polyphenols from orange and spinach residues have been carried out using conventional and innovative technologies. In recent years, a special interest to use environmentally friendly solvents, e.g., water, has been given, which allow the polyphenols extraction from raw material of plant origin. Ethanol and water, are solvents compatible with food, nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications, suitable for the extraction of polar compounds such as polyphenols. In this thesis, mechanical stirring extraction (MSE) is used as conventional technology; besides, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) are innovative approaches, for the polyphenol extraction from orange and spinach wastes. In the first instance, the orange and spinach wastes were treated with UAE, MAE and PLE, to evaluate the optimization of polyphenol extraction using ethanol as solvent. UAE was selected for the two matrices, due to its simplicity and low cost, among other reasons, which favoring its industrial scaling-up. The best conditions for UAE orange matrix were ethanol/water/HCl in ratio 60/39.9/0.1 (v/v/v) as the solvent at 25 ºC for an extraction time of 30 min, providing 0.4 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per g fresh weight (fw); and for spinach matrix were ethanol/water/HCl in ratio 80/19.9/0.1 (v/v/v) as the solvent at 25 ºC for an extraction time of 30 min, providing 0.82 mg GAE/g fw. However, UAE was compared to MSE, using water as solvent for the lasts technology. The results obtained were that MSE would be more suitable extraction technique since it´s cheaper than UAE. The selected conditions for orange and spinach wastes extraction were 70 ºC, contact time of 15 min, solid/solvent ratio 1:100 and pH 4 without adjustment for orange waste; and 50 ºC, 5 min, 1:50 and pH 6without adjustment, for spinach residue. Under these conditions, the total phenolic content (TPC) was 1 mgGAE/g fw and 0.8 mg GAE/g fw for orange and spinach, respectively. High pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for characterization of polyphenols, which is preferred for the separation and quantification of polyphenols in agri-food samples. The HPLC technique was also used for the analyzed of the major polyphenols from orange (e.g., 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, hesperidin) and spinach (e.g., ferulic acid, rutin) wastes and for study of the optimal extraction conditions with the aforementioned extraction techniques. The antioxidant activity of the MSE extracts were evaluated using assays based on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2`-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic) acid (ABTS). As a result, extracts rich in polyphenols were obtained, with antioxidant activity of 2.27 mg Trolox equivalent (TE)/g for orange and 0.04 mg TE/g for spinach. In addition, the orange and spinach extracts from MSE, were treated by membrane technology for their purification. It was concluded that the transmembrane flux depended on the feed flow rate for MF, UF, NF and RO. The pre-concentration and concentration efficiency were evaluated in terms of TPC and by polyphenols families (hydroxybenzoic acids (HB), hydroxycinnamic acids (HC) and flavonoids (F)), using HPLC analysis. For the orange and spinach matrices, MF could be used for extract clarification; NF could be use for pre-concentrate polyphenols; and RO membranes could be used for concentrate polyphenols. Finally, a review was made focused on the antiviral properties of some polyphenols and their mechanism of action against various types of viruses.
  

• SERAFIN, JAROSLAW: Titanium dioxide and nanoshaped ceria for solar hydrogen production
  
  Author: SERAFIN, JAROSLAW
  Thesis link: http://hdl.handle.net/10803/674230
  Programme: DOCTORAL DEGREE IN CHEMICAL PROCESS ENGINEERING
  Department: Department of Chemical Engineering (EQ)
  Mode: Article-based thesis
  Reading date: 21/04/2022
  Thesis director: LLORCA PIQUE, JORDI | PARDO SOTO, LUIS CARLOS
  

  Committee:
       PRESIDENT: MOLINS GRAU, ELIES
       SECRETARI: CAZORLA SILVA, CLAUDIO
       VOCAL: VENDRELL VILLAFRUELA, XAVIER
  Thesis abstract: This work facuses on the study of these processes on Ti02 and Ce02, respectively. Although the development of photocatalytic research with the use of semiconductor photocatalysts does not last longer than about 40 years, this field of knowledge is gaining more and more interest from both science and industry. Photocatalytic water decomposition or photocatalytic detoxification of industrial wastewater is currently the subject of research in many centers. As explained in the lntroduction, the potential use of free solar radiation as the primary energy source in photocatalytic processes is an unquestionable advantage of this method.Unfortunately, the research for new photocatalysts active in visible radiation, which has been going on far years, has led to mediocre progress in this field. There is still a shortage of effective photocatalysts, especially far the photocatalytic decomposition of water. Here, under strictly anaerobic conditions, the quantum efficiency are very low. Therefore, work in many laboratories focuses on increasing the photocatalytic efficiency of the tested photocatalysts, preparing new photocatalysts, or designing hybrid systems. The section Compendium of articles describes the preparation of catalysts far the photocatalytic production of hydrogen. Far this purpose, catalysts based on carbon materials (reduced graphene/activated carbon) and titanium dioxide doped with metal nanoparticles (Au/Pt) were prepared (Objective 1). Also, the use of macroporous silicon microreactors to photogenerate hydrogen after coating the microchannels with Au/Ti02 and PUTi02 photocatalysts was investigated (Objective 2). The development of solar technologies for converting C02 into fuel has become a great energy challenge as it completes the anthropogenic carbon cycle and leads to the production of sustainable transport fuels on a global scale. However, the low mass conversion, poor selectivity, or low energy efficiency of the current approaches hinder their industrial application. The section Annex presents the thermochemical decomposition of C02 (an analogous process to water decomposition into hydrogen) on different shapes of cerium oxide catalyst doped with metals (Pt, Au, Ni, Ru, Pd). Moreover, the influence of the catalyst preparation method {ball milling vs. incipient wetness impregnation) has been studied (Objectives 3, 4 and 5). To better understand the functioning mechanism of the cerium oxide catalyst, molecular dynamics simulations with water molecules were performed (Objective 6). The last chapter I will explain the Conclusions of this doctoral thesis. Overall, the specific objectives of this thesis are: Objective 1: To synthesize and characterize titanium dioxide-carbon compounds composites as photocatalysts to produce hydrogen from water/alcohol mixtures. Objective 2: To explore the use of macroporous silicon structures to photogenerate hydrogen after coating the microchannels with Au/Ti02 and Pt/Ti02 photocatalysts. Objective 3: To synthesize and characterize nanoshaped ceria exposing different crystallographic planes far thermochemical conversion of C02. Objective 4: To study the influence of metal nanoparticles (Au, Ni, Pd, Pt, Ru) on nanoshaped ceria far thermochemical conversion of C02. Objective 5: To study the influence of catalyst preparation methods using incipient wetness impregnation (IWI) and ball milling (BM). Objective 6: To use molecular dynamics to study the interaction between H20 molecules and ceria octahedral [111] by examining the effect on the surface.
  

Last update: 24/09/2022 05:01:10.

Research groups

• CEPIMA-Centre d'Enginyeria de Processos i Medi Ambient
• CERTEC-Centre for Technological Risk Studies
• CRESCA-Food safety and Control Research Centre
• NEMEN-Nanoengineering of Materials Applied to Energy
• R2EM-Resource Recovery and Environmental Management

Teachers

• Almajano Pablos, Maria Pilar
• Casal Fabrega, Joaquim
• Casas Pons, Ignasi
• Cortina Pallas, Jose Luis
• Espuña Camarasa, Antonio
• Farran Marsa, Adriana
• Fortuny Sanroma, Agustí
• Gibert Agullo, Oriol
• Graells Sobre, Moises
• Llorca Pique, Jordi
• Marti Gregorio, Vicenç
• Pablo Ribas, Joan de
• Pastor Ferrer, Elsa
• Perez Moya, Montserrat
• Planas Cuchi, Eulalia
• Ruiz Planas, Montserrat
• Sastre Requena, Ana Maria
• Valderrama Angel, Cesar Alberto
• Yaroshchuk, Andriy