Public display of deposited theses

DOCTORAL DEGREE IN AGRI-FOOD TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY

• SOLER CAMPRECIÓS, JORDI: AVALUACIÓ DELS REQUERIMENTS REPRODUCTIUS I DEL CONTROL QUÍMIC DE L’AILANT (AILANTHUS ALTISSIMA), COM A ESPÈCIE INVASORA D’ESPAIS NATURALS
  
  Author: SOLER CAMPRECIÓS, JORDI
  Thesis file: (contact the Doctoral School to confirm you have a valid doctoral degree and to get the link to the thesis)
  Programme: DOCTORAL DEGREE IN AGRI-FOOD TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
  Department: Department of Agri-Food Engineering and Biotechnology (DEAB)
  Mode: Normal
  Deposit date: 13/07/2026
  Deposit END date: 24/07/2026
  Thesis director: IZQUIERDO FIGAROLA, JORDI
  Thesis abstract: Invasive plants, such as Ailanthus altissima, cause damage to biodiversity due to their high capacity for expansion and establishment. A thorough understanding of the reproductive traits of this species is essential to define eradication strategies based on effective control methods.During the literature review, insufficient information was found regarding chemical methods to break seed dormancy, resulting in low germination rates. Conversely, other studies have shown that alternating temperature regimes promote germination. However, this method involves temperature accumulation that is not compatible with base temperature experiments. The base temperature for seeds or roots has never been determined, and only a few studies have addressed the base water potential of seeds, all conducted outside our region. From the base temperature, predictive germination models can be developed—a task we included in this study to create tools that assist in planning future management actions for this invasive species.The results showed a low response in dormancy release across different treatments, with the best germination achieved through cold stratification at 10 °C for 21 days. The base temperature for seeds and roots was very similar, and under water stress conditions, both seed germination and root sprouting decreased.We focused on evaluating the effectiveness of commercially available herbicides at the time of this study. Different application periods, herbicides, and techniques were tested. Herbicide application provided better control compared to untreated trees. The most effective technique was cut-stump injection, and the most efficient herbicides were triclopyr combined with 2,4-D and/or aminopyralid. The effect of flazasulfuron on Ailanthus altissima was evaluated for the first time, showing satisfactory results.We also identified, for the first time in Catalonia, the eriophyid mite Aculus taihagensis, a species already reported in other countries as a potential biological control agent.In conclusion, Ailanthus altissima can be eradicated if the correct methods are used, while predictive models will assist managers in the management of eradication efforts.
  

DOCTORAL DEGREE IN APPLIED MATHEMATICS

• FACCIOTTI, BENEDETTA: Groupoids of local systems and decorated representations on marked bordered surfaces
  
  Author: FACCIOTTI, BENEDETTA
  Thesis file: (contact the Doctoral School to confirm you have a valid doctoral degree and to get the link to the thesis)
  Programme: DOCTORAL DEGREE IN APPLIED MATHEMATICS
  Department: School of Mathematics and Statistics (FME)
  Mode: Normal
  Deposit date: 13/07/2026
  Deposit END date: 24/07/2026
  Thesis director: MAZZOCCO, MARTA | NIKOLAEV, NIKITA
  Thesis abstract: This thesis studies representations of fundamental groupoids of surfaces $\Sigma$ with boundaries, with values in $G:=\operatorname{GL}_n(\mathbb C)$, up to isomorphism. When no marked points are present on the boundary, the corresponding objects admit several equivalent descriptions: as linear local systems on $\Sigma$, as representations of the fundamental groupoid $\Pi_1 (\Sigma)$, as monodromy data, and as points of the associated character variety. The introduction of marked points on the boundary, motivated by the need to encode irregular singularities of meromorphic connections, has led to several generalizations of this Betti-type description in the literature. Although these approaches are generally understood to describe essentially the same mathematical objects, the precise relation between them has not yet been been formulated explicitly. Motivated by the broader programme of establishing a precise and conceptually coherent relationship between the existing approaches to the representation-theoretic description of irregular singularities of meromorphic connections, in this thesis we develop a categorical framework for the definition of decorated Betti objects associated with marked bordered surfaces encoding higher-order poles, in a form designed to specialize to the different points of view encountered in the literature.
  
• ORTEGA SÁNCHEZ COLOMER, MIQUEL: Arithmetic patterns in unstructured sets
  
  Author: ORTEGA SÁNCHEZ COLOMER, MIQUEL
  Thesis file: (contact the Doctoral School to confirm you have a valid doctoral degree and to get the link to the thesis)
  Programme: DOCTORAL DEGREE IN APPLIED MATHEMATICS
  Department: School of Mathematics and Statistics (FME)
  Mode: Normal
  Deposit date: 17/07/2026
  Deposit END date: 30/07/2026
  Thesis director: SERRA ALBO, ORIOL | RUE PERNA, JUAN JOSÉ
  Thesis abstract: The main goal of this thesis is to present a number of extremal results in additive combinatorics. In lay terms, we study questions related to the appearance of a certain arithmetic pattern in a set based on its size. We focus on two patterns, products and arithmetic progressions. In the first case, we solve the density problem for product-free sets in the free group, and study several quantitative questions regarding a multiplicative analogue of Schur's theorem. In the second case, we prove a canonical van der Waerden theorem in random sets of integers, and improve existing counting results for the number of sets of integers free of arithmetic progressions of a given length. Two recurrent themes are the use of probabilistic arguments and the hypergraph container method.
  

DOCTORAL DEGREE IN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

• BELLAFIORE, GASPARE: Résidence Le Parc à Meudon-la-Forêt. Tectónica y decoro urbano en la obra de Fernand Pouillon.
  
  Author: BELLAFIORE, GASPARE
  Thesis file: (contact the Doctoral School to confirm you have a valid doctoral degree and to get the link to the thesis)
  Programme: DOCTORAL DEGREE IN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN
  Department: Department of Architectural Design (PA)
  Mode: Normal
  Deposit date: 13/07/2026
  Deposit END date: 24/07/2026
  Thesis director: PEÑIN LLOBELL, ALBERTO
  Thesis abstract: This research examines the relationship between compositional procedures and construction methods in the architecture of Fernand Pouillon, taking the complex of Résidence Le Parc in Meudon-la-Forêt (1959-1962) as a paradigmatic case study. The study begins with a diagnosis of the condition of contemporary architecture, marked by a growing fracture between the act of designing and the act of building. It notes a drift toward a production that entrusts its expressiveness to the image, the authorial gesture, or technical sophistication rather than to the internal reasons of the work. Faced with this displacement, the research recovers the concept of tectonics—not as a stylistic category or a synonym for technicality, but as the syntax through which construction becomes architectural language. It argues that Pouillon's work in Meudon-la-Forêt constitutes a privileged material verification of this hypothesis. The theoretical framework articulates two critical traditions often treated separately: Anglo-Germanic tectonic analysis (Bötticher, Semper, Sekler, Frampton) and the Latin theory of analogical decorum developed in France by Quatremère de Quincy and Julien Guadet. The research argues that a conjunction of both is necessary to read Pouillon's work, reconstructing the genealogy of French constructive rationalism—from Philibert de l'Orme to Auguste Perret—as the cultural horizon that makes his choices intelligible. In this reading, Pouillon emerges not as an exception within post-war modernity, but as a "transformative continuator": an architect who reactivates the French classical tradition and translates it to the operational conditions of reconstruction and mass social housing. The work is structured into three parts. The first reconstructs the theoretical framework of tectonics. The second traces the cultural genealogy of Pouillon's thought and analyses the operational context of post-war Paris. The third part develops a multiscalar analysis of Résidence Le Parc, covering the problems of the framed wall, stone as a tectonic and ethical core, the travée as a device of order. The study reaches four main theses:First: The hybrid construction system of Meudon—load-bearing Fontvieille stone articulated with reinforced concrete slabs—is not a technical compromise, but a new tectonic synthesis that reactivates the logic of load-bearing mass under conditions of industrial prefabrication. Second: The travée functions in Meudon as a "total operator" of the project, simultaneously coordinating construction logic, facade composition, and interior spatial organization, extending to the urban scale as the rhythm of public space. Third: Decorum in Pouillon does not respond to the strict truth of the Perretian frame, but to a "lithic verisimilitude" (vraisemblance)—an expressive adequacy between form, construction, and civic character—that reformulates Quatremère’s principle of analogical decorum for modern conditions. Fourth: The civic dimension of the work is not an ethical supplement added to formal decisions, but the direct effect of the construction grammar itself assumed as a shared language. The research is based on specialized critical bibliography (Lucan, Bonillo, Ferlenga, Sayen), primary sources from Pouillon’s archives, heritage documentation from the French Ministry of Culture, and direct measurements taken in the municipal archives of Meudon-la-Forêt. Its main contribution consists of articulating tectonic analysis and the theory of decorum within a single analytical device, proposing a systematic reading of the travée as the syntactic atom of the project, and defending the relevance of Pouillon’s lithic lesson for the contemporary debate on civic architecture and collective housing.
  

DOCTORAL DEGREE IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

• RIVERA TORRES, PEDRO JUAN: Complex Engineering Systems: Expanding the Bioengineering Toolset with Biomimetic and Complexity Science-Based Solutions to Engineering Problems.
  
  Author: RIVERA TORRES, PEDRO JUAN
  Thesis file: (contact the Doctoral School to confirm you have a valid doctoral degree and to get the link to the thesis)
  Programme: DOCTORAL DEGREE IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
  Department: Department of Automatic Control (ESAII)
  Mode: Article-based thesis
  Deposit date: 13/07/2026
  Deposit END date: 24/07/2026
  Thesis director: KANAAN IZQUIERDO, SAMIR
  Thesis abstract: This dissertation will seek to expand the toolset available for the solution of problems in engineering using probabilistic Boolean networks (PBN), a modeling methodology used mainly for analyzing Gene Regulatory Networks (GRN). Its purpose is validating their benefits as mechanisms of problem solving in engineering; general machine learning, reinforcement learning and fault detection and isolation in generation and transmission/distribution of electrical power and in manufacturing systems. The use of PBNs has been validated before as a mechanism of modeling of manufacturing processes and smart power. Modeling of systems using PBNs allows to construct models of multiple systems, know their respective failure modes, and incrementing their robustness using reinforcement learning to predictively react to faults and failures. We present the use of PBNs as a model constructing mechanism to determine the reliability of engineered systems and processes, and control of their evolution using machine learning. These models will enable us to study the mechanics of failure in engineered systems, making them more robust. We also present a Learning Probabilistic Boolean Network model of a manufacturing system and a Smart-grid system that can learn to preserve a healthy system state, in a way inspired by Artificial Neural Networks, but without the training that these systems require, and allowing the system to avoid faults and failures.
  

DOCTORAL DEGREE IN COMPUTATIONAL AND APPLIED PHYSICS

• GARÍ GALÍNDEZ, JON: Developing Artificial Intelligence Strategies to Accelerate Scientific Research: Application to Thin-Film Photovoltaic Technologies
  
  Author: GARÍ GALÍNDEZ, JON
  Thesis file: (contact the Doctoral School to confirm you have a valid doctoral degree and to get the link to the thesis)
  Programme: DOCTORAL DEGREE IN COMPUTATIONAL AND APPLIED PHYSICS
  Department: Department of Physics (FIS)
  Mode: Article-based thesis
  Deposit date: 13/07/2026
  Deposit END date: 24/07/2026
  Thesis director: IZQUIERDO ROCA, VICTOR | GUC, MAXIM
  Thesis abstract: The development cycle of new materials-based technologies typically spans 15-25 years due to the constantly increasing complexity of experimental research processes. Accelerating this process is essential to enable large-scale implementation of sustainable technologies that support the green energy transition and secure the electrification of society. Photovoltaics (PV) play a central role in this transition, particularly novel thin-film photovoltaic (TFPV) technologies, which promise to significantly broaden the application of solar modules in everyday life. Therefore, accelerating their development and transfer is key to achieving this goal. In this context, recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI), explainable artificial intelligence (XAI), robotics, and automation have enabled a new paradigm: the data-driven materials science, capable of accelerating materials discovery and optimization. However, despite the increasing use of machine learning (ML) in materials science, the application of XAI approaches to real experimental characterization datasets remains limited, and the translation of ML model outputs into physically meaningful insights is still a major challenge.The present work addresses this challenge by exploring and developing AI-driven strategies for the analysis and interpretation of experimental characterization data, following a proposed interpretability framework aimed at both accelerating research and enhancing explainability of ML models. The work begins by implementing and optimizing different training strategies for restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) using benchmark datasets. This study is aligned with the first level of the interpretability framework (Level 1: Using AI) and establishes the basis for the implementation of ML algorithms in experimental characterization datasets. Subsequently, an initial approach to XAI-driven strategies for extracting valuable information from experimental characterization data of kesterite-based TFPV devices is developed (Level 2: Using XAI), demonstrating the potential of interpretable ML models for identifying correlations between the physicochemical properties of materials and the PV performance of devices.Finally, building on this progression, an integrated XAI-driven methodology is implemented to analyze multimodal datasets obtained from holistic characterization of kesterite-based solar cells. It integrates the entire research cycle, from synthesis and characterization to data analysis, interpretation, and extraction of valuable feedback for further technology optimization. Particular emphasis is placed on interpretability, where the combination of intrinsic XAI models with post-hoc XAI techniques enables the identification of the physicochemical properties that govern device performance and reproducibility, linking the relevant spectral zones with the corresponding physical properties. This strategy reaches the third level of the interpretability framework (Level 3: Using XAI+) and provides meaningful feedback to guide subsequent research cycles. This feedback is validated through modified fabrication processes, resulting in improved device performance. Furthermore, it substantially reduces research cycle times, accelerating material optimization from timescales exceeding one year to less than a week. These results contribute to the development of self-driving laboratory (SDL) approaches and the advancement of data-driven materials research, ultimately supporting the green energy transition.
  

DOCTORAL DEGREE IN ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING

• HUSSAIN, TAUSEEF: Metamaterial-inspired Flexible Microwave Resonant Structures for RFID Sensing and Shielding
  
  Author: HUSSAIN, TAUSEEF
  Thesis file: (contact the Doctoral School to confirm you have a valid doctoral degree and to get the link to the thesis)
  Programme: DOCTORAL DEGREE IN ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
  Department: Department of Electronic Engineering (EEL)
  Mode: Article-based thesis
  Deposit date: 20/07/2026
  Deposit END date: 31/07/2026
  Thesis director: GIL GALI, IGNACIO | FERNANDEZ GARCIA, RAUL
  Thesis abstract: Metamaterials are artificially engineered electromagnetic structures that enable wave–matter interactions beyond those achievable with natural materials. When implemented in flexible and textile-compatible forms, metamaterial-inspired resonant structures offer unique advantages for wearable technologies, including conformability, lightweight construction, and tunable electromagnetic responses. These characteristics make them particularly attractive for wearable radio-frequency identification (RFID) sensing platforms, where sensitivity, robustness, and user safety must be addressed simultaneously. This thesis investigates the design and integration of metamaterial-inspired flexible resonant structures with RFID systems to enable sensors with enhanced performance and improved electromagnetic safety.Conventional RFID-based sensors typically rely on antenna deformation or substrate perturbation alone to transduce physical or biochemical stimuli. While effective in controlled environments, these approaches exhibit limited sensitivity and strong dependence on environmental loading in wearable scenarios. At ultra-high-frequency (UHF) bands, proximity to the human body causes impedance detuning and reduced read range reliability, whereas at microwave frequencies, increased absorption in biological tissue raises specific absorption rate (SAR) concerns. These limitations motivate the use of engineered resonant structures that offer enhanced field confinement and improved control over antenna–environment interactions.This thesis first investigates resonator-assisted passive UHF RFID sensing for biomechanical and biochemical monitoring. Electromagnetic coupling between printed UHF RFID tag antennas and compact resonant elements is exploited to enhance sensitivity beyond conventional antenna-based sensing. Meander-line resonators are integrated with RFID tags to enable displacement sensing, demonstrating reliable respiration and knee-flexion monitoring. The coupling approach is further extended to biochemical sensing through the integration of a capacitively coupled complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) with an H-slot RFID antenna, enabling passive wireless monitoring of glucose concentration via read-range modulation.Subsequently, the thesis addresses electromagnetic stability and user safety at microwave RFID frequencies, where shorter wavelengths enable compact resonator arrays to be realized as metasurfaces. A breathable ground-grid artificial magnetic conductor (GG-AMC) is developed to mitigate body-induced detuning, suppress backward radiation, and significantly reduce SAR while preserving wearer comfort. In addition, near-field coupled metamaterial absorbers are introduced as dual-function structures that simultaneously provide electromagnetic shielding and strain-sensitive resonance modulation, enabling respiration monitoring at microwave frequencies. The core scientific contributions of this research are documented in five JCR-indexed journal articles and two peer-reviewed IEEE conference publications, and the thesis is presented as a compendium of articles.Keywords – RFID sensing, wearable sensors, microwave resonators, metasurfaces, biomechanical monitoring, biochemical sensing, artificial magnetic conductor, metamaterial absorber, electromagnetic shielding.
  

DOCTORAL DEGREE IN MARINE SCIENCES

• MURILLO GOMEZ, NELSON: COASTAL HAZARDS, RISKS AND ADAPTATION IN THE BARRA DE SALAMANCA (COLOMBIA)
  
  Author: MURILLO GOMEZ, NELSON
  Thesis file: (contact the Doctoral School to confirm you have a valid doctoral degree and to get the link to the thesis)
  Programme: DOCTORAL DEGREE IN MARINE SCIENCES
  Department: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering (DECA)
  Mode: Normal
  Deposit date: 16/07/2026
  Deposit END date: 29/07/2026
  Thesis director: JIMENEZ QUINTANA, JOSE ANTONIO
  Thesis abstract: Coastal sandbars are generally elongated landforms that provide protection to environmental, socioeconomic, and infrastructural ecosystems from extreme events, but are highly sensitive to morphodynamic changes driven by natural and anthropogenic processes. This is further complicated by the uncertainty Surrounding the expected sea-level rise in the coming years. These dynamics generate pressures and motivate land managers to understand the genesis of their morphological evolution, the physical agents that modulate it, the risks associated with the diversity of their exposed ecosystems within a tolerance limit, and to propose sustainable adaptation measures for the future.This research reconstructs the morphological evolution of the Salamanca coastal sandbar (Colombia), located within a national and international conservation park, over the last 40 years, the physical agents present at decadal and episodic scales, and the assessment of threats associated with erosion and flooding. Understanding the past and considering sea level rise projections to 2050, a projected area susceptible to damage was identified. Within this area, the exposure and vulnerability of the exposed elements were assessed, and this, when integrated with the threats, allowed for the estimation of environmental, physical, and socioeconomic risks. Recognizing that risk cannot be eliminated because it is intrinsic to coastal development, we have proposed a model of tolerable risk levels and a list of adaptation measures grouped into strategies according to their implications for the coastal zone. The results showed that the sandbar is decreasing its sediment transport rates, indicating a search for morphological equilibrium. However, erosion rates of around -20 m/a at the most critical points are deteriorating environmental services. This, combined with storm impacts and the increasing construction of hard infrastructure, has worsened and increased the exposure of the main land-based infrastructure connecting the region's most important towns with the interior of the country. This is putting commercial and tourism activities at risk. The communities located in these areas are in highly vulnerable socioeconomic conditions, generating pressure on the coastline that requires urgent intervention. The tolerable risk for environmental, physical infrastructure, and socioeconomic factors was established according to the degree of impact on the exposed element, its loss of natural value, and the resulting repercussions on the quality of life of the inhabitants. This criterion facilitates a balance of sustainable development between the inhabitants and their environment. The risk reduction strategies demonstrated that acting alone does not achieve tolerable risks, and only a comprehensive strategy allows us to approach the proposed objectives. Prompt action is needed to reduce uncertainty and increase objectivity about the expected future. We conclude that the methodology developed allowed us to understand what has happened, why, under what conditions the threats have evolved, the morphological evolution, the risk typologies, what could happen, and how to reduce the probability of the expected changes. We believe this methodological process can be replicated and adapted to any coastal area with the specific characteristics required. keywords: morphology, risks, adaptation measures.
  

DOCTORAL DEGREE IN MECHANICAL, FLUIDS AND AEROSPACE ENGINEERING

• BANDARRINHA MONTEIRO, CARLOS ALEXANDRE: Pseudo-Boiling Wall-Bounded Turbulence in Supercritical Flows: Direct Numerical Simulation & Flow Physics
  
  Author: BANDARRINHA MONTEIRO, CARLOS ALEXANDRE
  Thesis file: (contact the Doctoral School to confirm you have a valid doctoral degree and to get the link to the thesis)
  Programme: DOCTORAL DEGREE IN MECHANICAL, FLUIDS AND AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
  Department: Department of Mechanical Engineering (EM)
  Mode: Article-based thesis
  Deposit date: 14/07/2026
  Deposit END date: 27/07/2026
  Thesis director: JOFRE CRUANYES, LLUÍS
  Thesis abstract: This thesis presents the development and application of a high-fidelity computational framework for the direct numerical simulation (DNS) of high-pressure transcritical turbulent flows. These flows, characterized by strong thermophysical property variations in the vicinity of the pseudo-boiling region, exhibit complex interactions between turbulence, thermodynamics, and transport processes that cannot be accurately captured using classical modeling approaches. The primary objective of this work is to advance both the numerical simulation tool and the physical understanding required to reliably simulate and analyze such regimes. To this end, the multiphysics flow solver, RHEA (Reproducible Hybrid-architecture flow solver Engineered for Academia), is redesigned into a GPU-resident version, RHEA-X. The solver combines low-dissipation spatial discretizations with strong-stability-preserving Runge–Kutta time integration and advanced thermodynamic and transport models, including real-fluid equations of state. Its modular, object-oriented design enables the treatment of compressible, high-pressure transcritical, particle-laden, and immersed-boundary flows within a unified framework. The implementation leverages MPI and OpenACC to achieve persistent GPU data residency and direct inter-device communication, enabling efficient execution on modern heterogeneous high-performance computing systems. Performance analyses demonstrate near-ideal strong and weak scaling and substantial reductions in time-to-solution relative to CPU-based implementations up to a large GPU count. Using this framework, the thesis first investigates the grid resolution requirements for DNS of high-pressure transcritical wall-bounded turbulence. It is shown that classical resolution criteria, developed for incompressible flows, are insufficient in the presence of strong thermophysical gradients. In particular, the pseudo-boiling region induces localized amplification of turbulence intensity and energy dissipation, requiring refined resolution to accurately capture up to second-order statistics. New resolution guidelines are proposed based on hydrodynamic and thermodynamic scaling arguments. The physical behavior of transcritical flows is then examined in microconfined square-duct configurations spanning subcritical to supercritical regimes. The results reveal that, under transcritical conditions, flows can transition from laminar to turbulence-like states without changes in geometry or bulk velocity scales, driven by strong density gradients associated with the pseudo-boiling region. This leads to significant amplification of velocity fluctuations, intensified secondary motions, and substantial enhancement of heat transfer. Finally, the role of buoyancy is analyzed in transcritical turbulent square-duct flows. It is demonstrated that buoyancy influences the flow primarily through the modulation of secondary motions, which act as the dominant mechanism for redistributing momentum and restructuring turbulence. The case-dependent interaction between buoyancy, thermophysical gradients, and secondary flows leads to strong spatial heterogeneity, non-equilibrium turbulence behavior, and, consequently pronounced variations in wall shear stress and transport processes.
  

DOCTORAL DEGREE IN PHOTONICS

• PINILLA SANCHEZ, ADRIAN: Advanced Catalytic Interface Analysis Through In Situ Studies and Automated Experimental Platforms
  
  Author: PINILLA SANCHEZ, ADRIAN
  Thesis file: (contact the Doctoral School to confirm you have a valid doctoral degree and to get the link to the thesis)
  Programme: DOCTORAL DEGREE IN PHOTONICS
  Department: Institute of Photonic Sciences (ICFO)
  Mode: Normal
  Deposit date: 08/07/2026
  Deposit END date: 21/07/2026
  Thesis director: GARCÍA DE ARQUER, FRANCISCO PELAYO
  Thesis abstract: Electrochemical technologies offer a route to decarbonize key industries, such as energy, chemical and fertilizer manufacturing, by converting abundant chemicals like carbon dioxide (CO₂) and nitrate into fuels and feedstocks using renewable electricity. Realizing this potential requires electrocatalytic systems that achieve technoeconomic viability, which is linked to performance metrics such as activity, selectivity, and stability. Their deployment is constrained by two coupled challenges: incomplete mechanistic understanding of dynamic electrochemical interfaces and slow manual workflows that cannot efficiently explore the high-dimensional design spaces of catalysts, electrolytes, and operating parameters. In electrochemical reactions, performance across its many dimensions emerges from the evolving interplay of catalyst structure and local reaction environment at polarized interfaces. Advancing electrocatalytic performance therefore requires tools that can both reveal and enable control over the evolving catalyst-electrolyte interface during operation. This thesis addresses these challenges by combining operando surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), automated data-analysis frameworks, and self-driving laboratory approaches to accelerate electrocatalyst development under technologically relevant conditions for CO₂ and nitrate electroreduction reactions.Operando SERS probes acidic CO₂ electroreduction on copper-based gas diffusion electrodes up to 0.2 A cm⁻², showing how interfacial species like sulfate, hydroxide, carbon monoxide (CO), and carbon-containing intermediates evolve with potential and pH. Our findings suggest that strongly adsorbed sulfate blocks active sites and delays CO₂E onset at low overpotentials, while co-adsorbed hydroxide and carbon on reconstructed copper surfaces stabilize *CO coverages that favor C-C coupling and multicarbon product formation. These results identify electrolyte anions and local alkalization as key levers for tuning the onset potential, intermediate stabilization, and selectivity in acidic CO₂ electroreduction, opening new strategies for rational system-level design of catalysts and electrolytes.To handle the complexity of operando experiments, the thesis introduces SERSFlow, a modular framework for structured operando SERS data and reusable analysis pipelines. Implemented as a local-first Python service with a web interface, it combines preprocessing, feature extraction, and multivariate analysis in deterministic workflows that reproduce expert trends while reducing analysis time from hours to minutes. Benchmarking shows that baseline subtraction alone can shift fitted peak areas by 40–100% for weak or overlapping bands, and spatiotemporal mapping reveals micron-scale heterogeneity in adsorbate populations and double-layer structure.Finally, the Autoammonia platform—a distributed self-driving laboratory for nitrate-to-ammonia reduction—is developed with two active nodes in different institutions. It integrates in situ catalyst electrodeposition, flow-cell nitrate electroreduction, and automated ammonia quantification within a closed-loop workflow managed by orchestration, planning, and safety software. Autonomous campaigns with copper-based catalysts show that self-driving experimentation is feasible in realistic flow-cell architectures and complex electrolytes using accessible hardware and open-source software.Collectively, the thesis shows that mechanistic operando characterization, reproducible data workflows, and autonomous experimentation are mutually reinforcing components of a coherent strategy for advancing electrocatalysis. The concepts and tools developed here provide a foundation for more systematic, data-rich, and scalable approaches to the design and optimization of electrocatalysts and electrochemical interfaces for sustainable, electrified chemical production.
  

DOCTORAL DEGREE IN URBANISM

• FREIRE SILVA, MARÍA JOSÉ: Trazando la ciudad más allá del damero. Estudio histórico-morfológico de las ciudadelas o nuevos barrios en la primera expansión urbana de Quito (1908 - 1942)
  
  Author: FREIRE SILVA, MARÍA JOSÉ
  Thesis file: (contact the Doctoral School to confirm you have a valid doctoral degree and to get the link to the thesis)
  Programme: DOCTORAL DEGREE IN URBANISM
  Department: Department of Urbanism, Territory and Landscape (DUTP)
  Mode: Normal
  Deposit date: 20/07/2026
  Deposit END date: 31/07/2026
  Thesis director: MARTI CASANOVAS, MIQUEL | PESOA MARCILLA, MELISA
  Thesis abstract: Between the 19th century and the early decades of the 20th century, the first manifestations of Latin American modernity drove a process of urban expansion that profoundly transformed the structure of many cities. Whilst this phenomenon has been extensively studied from a socio-cultural perspective, analysis of its spatial and morphological dimensions has received less attention, particularly in the case of Andean cities. This study examines the case of Quito (Ecuador) with the aim of analysing how the first urban subdivision projects, known locally as “ciudadelas” (citadels), contributed to the city’s expansion during the first half of the 20th century.The research is based on a systematic review of historical archives and newspaper sources relating to these land-parcelling projects. The information gathered was georeferenced and analysed in relation to the physical environment (topography and hydrography) and its pre-existing features (roads and buildings). Based on this, a morphological analysis was carried out of the urban layouts and their components (streets, blocks, plots, buildings, public spaces and facilities), taking into account their shape, dimensions and organisation. In parallel, the promotional material for these projects was examined through a semiotic study of the promotional discourse found in the press of the time, with the aim of identifying the actors and urban imaginaries associated with this process of urban expansion. The results show that the geographical conditions of the Andean valley in which Quito was established had a significant influence on the layout of the first neighbourhoods to emerge during the city’s expansion, leading to specific adaptations in the street plans and the resulting organisation of the land parcels. Furthermore, they demonstrate that the citadels constituted an important form of urban growth through the parcelling and subdivision of land, the promotion of which was underpinned by urban imaginaries associated with modernity, exclusivity, hygiene and proximity to the countryside and nature. These findings help us understand how Quito’s urban expansion was not solely driven by social or economic dynamics, but also by the interplay between territorial conditions, urbanisation strategies and discourses legitimising the new peripheries.The research proposes a methodological approach that integrates a historical-morphological study through spatial analysis and the examination of promotional discourses, offering replicable tools for the comparative analysis of urban expansion processes in other Andean or Latin American cities that have experienced expansion in a similar territory with fragmented characteristics.